Table 1.
Definition of gait and heart rate (HR) parameters.
Fig 1.
Graph A: acceleration versus time graph to determine the period of walking; Graph B: ECG time-series, from which, QRS detection process was performed to extract HR time series; and Graph C: HR time series and HR dynamic parameters in response to the walking task.
Table 2.
Participant demographic, clinical measures, and gait and HR parameters.
Fig 2.
Correlation between gait parameters and HR response to walking (time to peak HR) among non-frail and pre-frail/frail groups.
Table 3.
Correlation analyses between HR response (time to peak HR and increase rate) and gait parameters.
Table 4.
Moderation analyses for HR dynamics (time to peak HR).