Fig 1.
OSFP = Observatoire Sommeil de la Fédération de Pneumologie, OSA = sleep apnea syndrome, AHI = apnea-hypopnea index, ODI = oxygen desaturation index, OVS = overlap syndrome.
Table 1.
Study population.
Table 2.
Predictors of OVS in the study population.
Table 3.
Symptoms and clinical presentation of OVS compared to OSA.
Fig 2.
Graphic illustration of how OSA and COPD interact to impact on cardiovascular health.
The probability of having hypertension was higher in severe OSA (AHI ≥30) compared to non-severe OSA (AHI <30) and was not impacted by COPD. In moderate-to-severe OSA, COPD was associated with a higher probability of having coronary heart disease, heart failure, particularly peripheral arteriopathy, in a dose-response relationship. COPD did not increase the prevalence of stroke in OSA, irrespective of its severity. Odd ratios are adjusted on age, gender and smoking status. Numerical data are provided in Table 4.
Table 4.
Effect of OVS on associated comorbidities in a multivariable logistic regression model.
Table 5.
Effect of COPD and OSA on associated comorbidities in multivariable logistic regression.