Fig 1.
Patient flow chart.
Table 1.
Characteristics and outcomes of patients with MODS and without MODS on day 3 following the onset of septic shock.
Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors associated with MODS in patients with septic shock.
Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors associated with 28-day mortality in patients with septic shock.
Fig 2.
Relationship between cumulative fluid balance, MODS, and 28-day survival.
(A) Cumulative fluid balances were significantly higher in non-survivors than in survivors of septic shock on 24 hr (open bar), 48 hr (gray bar), and 72 hr (black bar) (* indicates p<0.05); (B) Cumulative fluid balances were higher in patients with multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) than patients without MODS only on 24 hr (open bar) and 72 hr (black bar) (p = 0.035) but not on 48 hr (gray bar) of septic shock (* indicates p<0.05) (data expressed as mean ± SEM).
Fig 3.
Relationship between 72-hr cumulative fluid balance (CFB) and SOFA score in patients with severe sepsis.
(A) Amount of 72-hr CFB correlated well with SOFA score (r = 0.445, p < 0.0001) (data expressed as Pearson correlation); (B) The higher the SOFA score, the more 72-hr CFB was found (p<0.001 by ANOVA) (data expressed as mean ± SEM).
Fig 4.
72-hr cumulative fluid balance (CFB) in patients with resolved persistent multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), progressive MODS, or without MODS from 24 hr to 72 hr after onset of septic shock.
Open bars indicate 24-hr CFB; gray bar indicates 48-hr CFB; black bars indicate 72-hr CFB (data expressed as mean ± SEM).
Fig 5.
Comparison of 72-hr cumulative fluid balance (CFB) between patients with and without individual organ dysfunction.
No significant difference in 72-hr CFB was observed between patients with and without individual organ failure (p values analyzed using Student t test; data expressed as mean ± SEM).
Fig 6.
72-hr cumulative fluid balance (CFB) between patients with infections of various origin.
Similar 72-hr CFB values were observed in patients with sepsis originating from intra-abdominal infection (4939.4±1256.7 ml), urinary tract infection (2167.4±648.2 ml), pulmonary infection (2086.3±317.3 ml), bloodstream infection (1986.8±645.1ml), and soft tissue infection (1360.9±895.8ml) (p = 0.273 using ANOVA).
Table 4.
Comparison of cumulative fluid balance (i.e., input and output in first 72 hours following onset of septic shock).