Fig 1.
(a) pHpzc of Pb(II)-IMB; (b) Curves of pH effect for Pb(II) adsorption on Pb(II)-IMB, NIMB and IMA; (c) The effect of adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of Pb2+ by Pb(II)-IMB.
Fig 2.
(a) The effect of the contact time on the adsorption of Pb(II) by Pb(II)-IMB, NIMB, IMA; (b) Pseudo-first-order curve of Pb(II) adsorption onto Pb(II)-IMB, NIMB, IMA; (c) Pseudo-second-order curve of Pb (II) adsorption onto Pb(II)-IMB, NIMB, IMA; (d) Intraparticle diffusion model curve of Hg Pb (II) adsorption.
Table 1.
Kinetic parameters of Pb (II) removal onto Pb (II)-IMB, NIMB, IMA.
Fig 3.
(a) Adsorption isotherm of Pb(II) adsorption onto Pb(II)-IMB, NIMB, IMA; (b) Linear plot of Langmuir isotherm; (c) Linear plot of Freundlich isotherm.
Table 2.
Langmuir isotherm and Freundlich isotherm parameters of Pb(II) removal onto Pb(II)-IMB, NIMB, IMA.
Table 3.
Comparison of adsorption capacity of Pb (II)-IMB for Pb(II) sorption with other adsorbents reported in the literature.
Table 4.
Thermodynamic parameters for Pb(II) adsorption on Pb (II)-IMB.
Fig 4.
Comparative adsorption of competitive ions onto the Pb(II)-IMB.
Fig 5.
(a) Pore size distribution (δV/δD) for Pb(II)-IMB before and after adsorption of Pb(II); (b) XRD spectra of Pb(II)-IMB before and after Pb(II) adsorption and XRD spectrum of Fe3O4; (c) The magnetic hysteresis loop of Fe3O4 (A) and Pb(II)-IMB (B); (d) Pb(II)-IMB suspension before and after an external magnetic field was applied.
Fig 6.
(a) SEM of Pb(II)-IMB before Pb(II) adsorption (×10000); (b-d) EDS results of chitosan, Serratia marcescens and Pb(II)-IMB.
Fig 7.
(a) FT-IR spectra for Pb(II)-IMB before and after adsorption of Pb(II); (b) XPS spectra of Pb(II)-IMB after adsorption; O 1s (c) and N 1s (d) narrow XPS scan for Pb(II)-IMB before and after adsorption.
Table 5.
The binding energy of C 1s, O 1s, N 1s, Fe 2p and Pb 4f in Pb(II)-IMB.
Fig 8.
Possible structure of Pb(II)-IMB after adsorption.