Table 1.
List of predictor and response variables used in the models.
Table 2.
The different explanatory models being compared.
Dark grey indicates the presence of a predictor variable in the model. Light grey indicates variables that are included in some tests, but not others (i.e. when they are the response variable).
Fig 1.
Raw numbers of women on zoological society boards worldwide.
Pie charts show the number of men and women on the boards of scientific committees across different geographic regions, and society focus (i.e. disciplinary or taxanomic). Darker colours denote women, lighter colours men. Bar graphs show the proportion of societies that have diversity statements (to the nearest percentage). Female symbols represent the average count for the number of women fulfilling leadership roles within a society (president, vice-president, secretary, treasurer) to the nearest decimal place. For example, in Asia: 19% of societies have diversity statements, 358 board positions are taken up by men and 103 by women, and the average number of women in senior board positions is 0.7 (out of four possible positions).
Fig 2.
Natural model averages for the predictors of the society culture model, including also the disciplinary focus factor, for FemExec (woman in a leadership position: Green), FemProp (proportional female board representation: Purple) and FemLead (female leadership count: Yellow) tests.
Estimates are given by the points, boxes indicate standard errors and whiskers indicate 95% confidence intervals.
Table 3.
The set of models used to explain variation in the proportion of females on the boards of biological societies (N = 188).
Table 4.
The set of models used to explain variation in the presence of females as chief executive of biological societies (N = 186).
Table 5.
The set of models used to explain variation in the number of females in leadership positions of zoological societies (N = 188).
Table 6.
Health checklist for scientific societies aiming for gender equality.