Fig 1.
Livestock productivity versus welfare model.
Commercial choice between animal welfare and productivity, adapted from McInerney [4]. If poor health, working conditions and/or environment place a working animal between G and F on the graph, the only way to improve welfare is to reduce productivity, leading to a trade-off between animal and human welfare.
Table 1.
Hard-win situations for improving equine welfare described in Round 1 of the consultation.
Non-economic situations were described by participants as ‘External’ (outside the organisation’s immediate sphere of influence) and ‘Internal’ (relating to the organisation’s current ways of working).
Table 2.
Hard-win themes and examples arising from Rounds 1 and 2, with suggested reasons or root causes.
Table 3.
Worst hard-wins and estimated scale of hard-win situations in each country programme.