Table 1.
Means and standard deviations for mothers’ and fathers’ expressed emotion—Critical and positive comments.
Table 2.
Correlations among study variables for mothers.
Table 3.
Correlations among study variables for fathers.
Table 4.
Concurrent associations between parents’ depressive symptoms and child outcomes (emotional and behavioural problems) at Time 1.
Table 5.
Longitudinal associations between parents’ depressive symptoms and child outcomes (emotional and behavioural problems) at Time 2.
Table 6.
Cross-lagged and autoregressive associations between parents’ positive and critical comments and children’s outcomes.