Fig 1.
Flowchart with patient selection.
From the total number of patients evaluated in a dedicated outpatient hypertension clinic (n = 318), 65 patients were submitted to renal denervation, after the exclusion of 253 due to several reasons listed. From these 65 patients, it was possible to obtain complete 1 year follow up with ambulatory blood pressure measurement and transthoracic echocardiogram. RDN—renal denervation; HTN—hypertension; eGFR—estimated glomerular filtration rate; ABPM –24 hours ambulatory blood pressure measurement; TTE-transthoracic echocardiogram.
Table 1.
Patient’s baseline and RDN procedure characteristics.
Table 2.
Antihypertensive medication.
Table 3.
RDN results on blood pressure and heart rate.
Fig 2.
Results at 1 year after renal denervation (blood pressure and left ventricle mass index).
Results in systolic blood pressure (both office and ABPM) and LVMI in TTE at 1-year follow-up are shown, with significant reductions in both parameters. BP- blood pressure; ABPM –24 hours ambulatory blood pressure measurement; LVMI—left ventricle mass index; TTE-transthoracic echocardiogram.
Fig 3.
Comparison of different LV geometric patterns at baseline and 1 year after renal denervation.
The percentage of patients in each LV geometric pattern class is depicted. Concentric remodelling was defined as relative wall thickness (RWT) of >0.42 with normal LV mass and normal geometry was defined as a RWT of ≤0.42 with normal LV mass.
Fig 4.
Comparison of LV diastolic function at baseline and 1 year after renal denervation.
The percentage of patients in each diastolic function group (Normal, Impaired relaxation, pseudonormal and restrictive) is depicted.
Table 4.
Echocardiographic parameters at baseline and at one-year follow-up in patients submitted to RDN.
Fig 5.
Relation between LV mass index and ABPM systolic BP changes at 1 year follow-up.
Horizontal line set at 2mmHg for responder in ABPM systolic BP reduction. Five patients had regression in LVMI without significant (>2mmHg) reduction in ABPM systolic BP and 5 additional patients were ABPM systolic BP responders but without reduction in LVMI. BP- blood pressure; ABPM –24 hours ambulatory blood pressure measurement; LV—left ventricle.