Table 1.
Summary of the 25 regime shifts examples from the regime shifts database used in this analysis.
Fig 1.
Regime shifts—Drivers Network.
In the centre (A) the bipartite network of 57 drivers (left) and 25 regime shifts (right) organized by their nestedness. Highly nested nodes are idiosyncratic and are located on the lower part of the graph while nodes with low nesting are generalist and appear in the upper part. On the right (B) is the one-mode projection of regime shifts (N = 25). The width of the links is scaled by the number of drivers shared, while node size corresponds to the number of drivers per regime shift. On the left (C) is the one-mode projection of drivers (N = 57), with link width scaled by the number of regime shifts for which causality is shared, and node size proportional to the number of regime shifts per driver. Below each projection is the expected distributions for the co-occurrence index and average degree for the one-mode projection of the drivers and regime shifts networks. The bottom left panel shows the clustering coefficient for the bipartite network. For all structural statistics, the red lines mark the actual values for the observed data.
Fig 2.
Driver categories per regime shift.
Shading intensity indicates the number of drivers per regime shift that falls in each driver category. The dendrogram represents the similarity of regime shifts given the drivers shared (rows) based on hierarchical clustering with an average method upon Jaccard distances. The grey area shows categories with missing drivers. The upper horizontal bar shows the ecosystem type while the left lateral bar shows the 5 broad categories into which the 15 specific drivers categories shown in the rows (right) are classified.
Fig 3.
Managerial opportunities per regime shift.
Each bar shows the proportion of drivers that can be managed at different scales. Regime shifts names are coloured according to ecosystem type: blue = marine regime shifts, green = terrestrial and orange = subcontinental regime shifts.