Figure 1.
Physical environment of the deep-water rocky reef.
A, velocity of the bottom current as measured by a long-term lander at station HG-IV; B, bathymetry of the deep reef with location of the photographic transect and predominant bottom current; C, topography of the reef showing transect segments and presumed hydrodynamic patterns over the reef.
Figure 2.
Typical images from each transect segment showing substrata and fauna.
Figure 3.
Sponges observed at the deep reef.
A, Caulophacus arcticus; B, narrow white sponge; C, hairy white sponge; D, Cladorhiza gelida; E, puffy white encrustment; F, Polymastia; G, cup sponge; H, thin white encrustment; I, hole punch sponge; J, dough-like sponge; K, lobe-like sponge; L, half-and-half sponge; M, tennis ball sponge; N, Myxillina sponge; O, bulb-tipped clump; P, pipe sponge; Q, papilla sponge; R, bubble sponge; S, pancake sponge; T, white dome sponge; U, Tentorium semisuberites; V, gray dome sponge; W, volcano sponge; X, slipper sponge; Y, rocket sponge; Z, circle sponge; α, flame sponge. Scale bar = 20 cm.
Figure 4.
Cnidarians observed at the deep reef.
A, Hormathiidae; B, Gersemia; C, Bathyphellia margaritacea; D, broccoli soft coral; E, large white cerianthid; F, small white actinarian; G, fringe anemone; H, short-tentacled pink anemone; I, sea pen; J, large red anemone. Scale bar = 5 cm.
Figure 5.
Crustaceans observed at the deep reef.
A, Bythocaris leucopis; B, small red-and-white shrimp; C, Verum striolatum; D, Lysianassidae sp. 1; E, Lysianassidae sp. 2; F, small white isopod; G, dunce hat shrimp; H, fantail shrimp; I, Saduria megalura; J, Birsteiniamysis inermis; K, Halirages cainae; L, Neohela lamia. Scale bar = 5 cm.
Figure 6.
Echinoderms observed at the deep reef.
A, Poraniomorpha hispida; B, Bathycrinus carpenterii; C, Poliometra prolixa; D, Ophiostriatus striatus; E, Hymenaster pellucidus. Scale bar = 5 cm.
Figure 7.
Miscellaneous taxa observed at the deep reef.
A, Lycodes frigidus; B, Mohnia mohnia; C, laminar bryozoan. Scale bar = 5 cm.
Figure 8.
Densities of sponge fauna on each transect segment.
Letters as for Fig. 3. Error bars represent standard error. Densities are only shown for taxa which were observed more than once.
Figure 9.
Densities of sponge fauna on each transect segment.
Letters as for Fig. 3. Error bars represent standard error. Densities are only shown for taxa which were observed more than once.
Figure 10.
Densities of cnidarian fauna on each transect segment.
Letters as for Fig. 4. Error bars represent standard error. Densities are only shown for taxa which were observed more than once.
Figure 11.
Densities of crustacean fauna on each transect segment.
Letters as for Fig. 5. Error bars represent standard error. Densities are only shown for taxa which were observed more than once.
Figure 12.
Densities of echinoderm fauna on each transect segment.
Letters as for Fig. 6. Error bars represent standard error. Densities are only shown for taxa which were observed more than once.
Figure 13.
Densities of miscellaneous taxa observed on each transect segment.
Letters as for Fig. 7. Error bars represent standard error.
Figure 14.
Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) plot depicting megafaunal composition on each transect segment.
Data have been fourth-root transformed. A 2-D stress value of 0.11 indicates a good fit of the data.
Figure 15.
Percent of fauna belonging to each phylum on each transect segment.
Figure 16.
MDS bubble plot depicting megafaunal composition according to percent hard substratum cover.
Data have been fourth-root transformed. A 2-D stress value of 0.11 indicates a good fit of the data.
Figure 17.
Average of each diversity index on each transect segment.
A, total species m−2; B, total individuals m−2; C, Margalef's richness; D, Pielou's evenness; E, Shannon-Wiener diversity. Error bars represent standard error.
Figure 18.
Habitat features observed at the deep reef.
A, dropstone; B, lebensspur; C, hairball; D, crinoid stalk; E, burrow entrance; F, worm tube; G, shell fragment; H, Caulophacus arcticus debris. Scale bar = 30 cm.
Figure 19.
Densities of habitat features observed on each transect segment.
Letters as for Fig. 18. I, percent hard substratum cover.