Figure 1.
Schematic of the Audiobox and (insert) photo of the corner (from www.tse-systems.com, with permission). The attenuated box in divided in two chambers, one contains the corner with the two bottles of water and the tweeter behind. A corridor connects this box to the home-cage where food is available ad libitum.
Figure 2.
A. Schematic of the discrimination training protocol. The horizontal axis of the box represents time and the vertical axis represents the percentage of visits that were safe (white) or conditioned (black to light grey). B. Left: schematic of the training protocol of the latent-inhibition group, pre-exposed to 13340 Hz and conditioned to 13340 Hz. Right: same, for the groups pre-exposed to a frequency that was different 13340 Hz.
Table 1.
Sequence of conditioned frequencies used for JND assessment.
Figure 3.
A. Mean daily performance expressed as the fraction of visits without nose-pokes for the habituation and safe visits (white) and the conditioned visits (grey). B. Single trial performance analysis: # mice that avoided nose-poking (n = 9) during the initial 7 conditioned visits starting with the first visit in which each mouse was punished (dark grey), the 7 safe visits that immediately followed habituation (white), and the initial 7 safe visits after the 1st punished conditioned visit (light grey). C. Left panel: Mean latency to nose-poke as a function of visit length for the safe visits before (white) and during (light grey) conditioning and for the conditioned visits (dark grey). The x axis is linear up to visit length of 10 seconds and logarithmic thereafter. Right panel: mean nose-poke latency per phase and type of visits (colour coding as before). D. Circadian rhythm of visits with (black) and without (grey) nose-pokes in the habituation, safe visits during conditioning and conditioned visits; mean counts. E. Mean distribution of nose-pokes per visits for the different types of visits as in D. F. Mean distribution of visit duration for all visits (black) and visits without nose-pokes (white) for the different types of visits as in D. The x axis is linear up to visit length of 10 seconds and logarithmic thereafter.
Figure 4.
A. Mean daily performance in fraction of visits without nose-pokes for the safe (white) and conditioned visits (grey) across phase, starting with the last 3 days of ΔF of 100%. The frequencies used were 6670 Hz for the safe tone and 6803, 6937, 7137, 7337, 7670, 8004, 9433, and 13340 Hz for the conditioned tone at ΔFs of 2, 4, 7, 10, 15, 20, 40, and 100% respectively. B. Mean performance as a function of ΔF for safe (white) and conditioned (grey) visits. C. Single trial performance in % mice that avoid nose-poking during the 1st 3 conditioned visits (dark grey), and the 1st 3 safe visits (light grey that follow each of the conditioned visits). D. Mean nose-poke latency as a function of delta F for safe (white) and conditioned (grey) visits. E. Mean d' and C calculation as a function of ΔF. F. The same as in B after removal of visits of 1 second or less duration. G. Mean d' and C as in E but without visits of 1 second or less duration.
Figure 5.
A. Mean daily performance (% visits without nose-pokes) of mice pre-exposed to 3335 Hz. White dots are habituation or safe visits and grey dots are the remaining 17% of visits (pre-exposure or conditioned visits). B. As in A for mice pre-exposed to 13340 Hz. C. As in A but showing only the last day of the pre-exposure phase and 5 days of conditioning for all the pre-exposure frequencies used, except for the groups pre-exposed to 3335 Hz, whose performance during conditioning appears in all plots as light grey circles. D. Performance in the single visits for the 1st 12 conditioned visits after pre-exposure to 3335 Hz (white), 11218 Hz (light grey), or 13340 Hz (dark grey). E. The same as in D for the 1st 100 safe visits, in blocks of 5 trials, that followed the first conditioned visits.
Figure 6.
Behavioural tuning curve of latent inhibition.
A. Mean performance (% visits without nose-pokes) on the first day of conditioning across pre-exposure frequencies for the conditioned visits (dark grey) and safe visits (mid grey). Small light grey dots represent the performance on the safe visits on the last day of the pre-exposure phase, for comparison. B. The same as in A for the conditioned visits only, in blocks of 6 hours (color coded) for the first 18 hours after the start of conditioning. C. Mean percentage visit without nose-pokes for conditioned (left) and safe (right) visits, in blocks of 6 hours for mice pre-exposed to 3335, 11218 or 13340 Hz. The lines with numbers are the number of conditioned (left) and safe (right) visits per time block for each of the three groups (color-coded as for dots) D. The same as in C, but removing from the analysis visits that were 1 second or less in duration. E. Mean d' values (left) and C (right) calculated using the same conditions as in C. F. As E but removing visits that were 1 second or less in duration.