Using individual-based bioenergetic models to predict the aggregate effects of disturbance on populations: A case study with beaked whales and Navy sonar
Fig 5
Population dynamics of Md at AUTEC in response to onset of disturbance at t = 100 y.
Disturbance either led to cessation of foraging (left panels), displacement from range (right panels) or both (center panels). In the first scenario, the recovery of the population after cessation of MFAS disturbance at t = 300 y is plotted. Lines and shaded areas indicate mean and standard deviation of 100 replicate simulations, respectively. Middle rows show reproductive classes of females and standard deviations are omitted here for sake of presentation. Note the differences in time scales between panels. All parameters at default values (Table S3 in S1 File).