Convergent evolution of a mobile bony tongue in flighted dinosaurs and pterosaurs
Fig 10
The M. branchiomandubularis (arrows) in birds and Alligator.
(A)Rhea americana (USNM 615363), (B)Dromaius novaehollandiae (TMM M-14235), (C) Nothura maculosa (USNM 631209), (D)Megapodius pritchardii (USNM 319640), (E) Phasianus colchicus (TMM M-12000), (F)Alligator mississippiensis (TNHC specimen). The two portions of the muscle are indicated in Galliformes: ‘M. branchiomandubularis cranialis’ (mbm_a) and ‘caudalis’ (mbm_p).