Exclusion zone and heterogeneous water structure at ambient temperature
Fig 1
Schematic diagram showing the two sample preparatory methods.
(A) Contact method: Deionized water mixed with the hydrophilic ceramic powder was agitated for 3 minutes and allowed to rest for 2 days. (B) Non-Contact method: A conical tube containing 50 mℓ of deionized water was inserted into the powder for 2 days.