Non-Toxic Metabolic Management of Metastatic Cancer in VM Mice: Novel Combination of Ketogenic Diet, Ketone Supplementation, and Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
Fig 1
Combination metabolic therapy slows tumor growth.
(A) In vivo bioluminescence imaging of representative animals from each treatment group 3 weeks post tumor cell inoculation. Treated mice exhibited reduced tumor burden and metastatic spread. (B) Whole animal bioluminescence (photons/sec) was tracked over time as a measure of tumor growth rate. In order to avoid misleading representation of tumor burden, data for treatment groups where ≥50% of animals had succumbed to disease progression are no longer shown. Tumor bioluminescence was highly variable, but treated animals demonstrated a notable trend of slower tumor growth compared to controls throughout the study. KD treated mice had less bioluminescence than controls at week 2, while KD+KE+HBOT mice had less bioluminescence than control animals at weeks 1, 2, and 3. KD+KE+HBOT mice also had less bioluminescence than KD+KE mice at weeks 1, 2, 3, and 5, and had less tumor bioluminescence than KD mice at weeks 3 and 5. Error bars represent ±SEM. Results were considered significant when p<0.05.