Paranode Abnormalities and Oxidative Stress in Optic Nerve Vulnerable to Secondary Degeneration: Modulation by 670 nm Light Treatment
Figure 2
Node/paranode complexes in ventral ON after partial transection.
(a) Representative images of Caspr+ve paranodes (green) flanking the β-III tubulin+ve (red) paranodal gap, and β-III tubulin+ve areas (red) colocalised with Nav1.6+ve nodes (blue) in normal ventral ON and at 1 day post injury; colocalised areas are yellow and purple respectively (examples indicated by arrows), scale = 20 μm. Mean ± SEM length of the paranodal gap (b), paranode length (c) and the ratio of node to paranode lengths (e) in ventral ON of normal animals and 1, 3, 7 days, 1 and 3 months after injury; representative images (d), scale bar = 1 μm. Orthogonal projection of a representative z stack illustrating a large atypical node/paranode complex well within the stack of images (f, boxed), scale bar = 5 μm; Caspr+ve paranodes are green, β-III tubulin+ve axons are red (note: only projections in the z plane of the identified node/paranode complex are shown in the panels adjacent to the main image). Mean ± SEM percentages of node/paranode complexes that were atypical (hemi – nodes, single paranodes) (g), * significantly different from normal for each complex type (p≤0.05) (n = 6 animals/time point)