Upregulation of interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 in traumatic brain injury patients and their potential as biomarkers
Fig 3
Gender-based comparison of IL-1β (A) and IL-18 (B) levels in normal and TBI participants.
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Statistical significance was assessed using the Mann–Whitney U test. IL-1β levels did not differ significantly between sexes in either group (p > 0.05), whereas IL-18 levels were significantly higher in females than in males in both the normal and TBI groups.