Perceived risk of diabetes seriously underestimates actual diabetes risk: The KORA FF4 study

• Bernd Kowall ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Bernd Kowall, Wolfgang Rathmann

  * E-mail: bernd.kowall@uk-essen.de

  Affiliation Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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• Wolfgang Rathmann ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Bernd Kowall, Wolfgang Rathmann

  Affiliations German Diabetes Center, Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, Düsseldorf, Germany, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany

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• Andreas Stang,

  Affiliations Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology Boston University, Talbot Building, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

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• Brenda Bongaerts,

  Affiliations German Diabetes Center, Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, Düsseldorf, Germany, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany

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• Oliver Kuss,

  Affiliations German Diabetes Center, Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, Düsseldorf, Germany, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany

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• Christian Herder,

  Affiliations German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

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• Michael Roden,

  Affiliations German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany

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• Anne Quante,

  Affiliations Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany

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• Rolf Holle,

  Affiliations German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany, Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany

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• Cornelia Huth,

  Affiliations German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany

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• Annette Peters,

  Affiliations German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany

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• Christa Meisinger

  Affiliations German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany

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