Urbanization Increases Pathogen Pressure on Feral and Managed Honey Bees

• Elsa Youngsteadt ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Elsa Youngsteadt, R. Holden Appler

  Affiliation Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America

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• R. Holden Appler ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Elsa Youngsteadt, R. Holden Appler

  Affiliation Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America

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• Margarita M. López-Uribe,

  Affiliations Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America, W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America

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• David R. Tarpy ,

  * E-mail: drtarpy@ncsu.edu

  Affiliations Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America, W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America

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• Steven D. Frank

  Affiliation Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America

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