Utilizing Twins as Controls for Non-Twin Case-Materials in Genome Wide Association Studies

• Andrea Ganna,

  Affiliation Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

  ⨯
• Alfredo Ortega-Alonso,

  Affiliation University of Helsinki, Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland

  ⨯
• Aki Havulinna,

  Affiliation Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

  ⨯
• Veikko Salomaa,

  Affiliation Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

  ⨯
• Jaakko Kaprio,

  Affiliations University of Helsinki, Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland, University of Helsinki, Hjelt Institute, Department of Public Health, Helsinki, Finland, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Helsinki, Finland

  ⨯
• Nancy L. Pedersen,

  Affiliation Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

  ⨯
• Patrick F. Sullivan,

  Affiliation FRANZCP, Department of Genetics and Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

  ⨯
• Erik Ingelsson,

  Affiliation Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

  ⨯
• Christina M. Hultman,

  Affiliation Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

  ⨯
• Patrik K. E. Magnusson

  * E-mail: Patrik.Magnusson@ki.se

  Affiliation Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

  ⨯