The Geography of Fear: A Latitudinal Gradient in Anti-Predator Escape Distances of Birds across Europe

• Mario Díaz ,

  * E-mail: Mario.Diaz@ccma.csic.es

  Affiliation Department of Biogeography and Global Change (BGC), Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, Madrid, Spain

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• Anders Pape Møller,

  Affiliation Lab. d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, University Paris-Sud, Orsay, France

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• Einar Flensted-Jensen,

  Affiliation Cypresvej 1, DK-9700 Brønderslev, Denmark

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• Tomáš Grim,

  Affiliation Palacký University, Department of Zoology and Lab. Ornithology, Olomouc, Czech Republic

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• Juan Diego Ibáñez-Álamo,

  Affiliation Department of Zoología, Fac. Ciencias, Campus Universitario de Fuentenueva s/n, University Granada, Granada, Spain

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• Jukka Jokimäki,

  Affiliations University Lapland, Arctic Centre, Rovaniemi, Finland, Rovaniemi University of Applied Sciences, Rantavitikka Campus, Rovaniemi, Finland

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• Gábor Markó,

  Affiliations Eötvös Loránd University, Behavioral Ecology Group, Department of Systematics, Zoology and Ecology, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Plant Pathology, Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary

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• Piotr Tryjanowski

  Affiliation Inst. Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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