About the Authors

Yukihiro Sato

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft

ys@epid.work

Affiliations Department of Social Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan, Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

Ichiro Kawachi

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Yasuaki Saijo

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Social Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan

Eiji Yoshioka

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Social Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan

Ken Osaka

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

Takahiro Tabuchi

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan, Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Osaka, Japan, The Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.