About the Authors

Ritopa Das

Contributed equally to this work with: Ritopa Das, Duong Le

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, School of Engineering, Storrs, CT, United States of America, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America

Duong Le

Contributed equally to this work with: Ritopa Das, Duong Le

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, School of Engineering, Storrs, CT, United States of America, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Health System, Hanoi, Vietnam, United States of America

Ho-Man Kan

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation The Cato T. Laurencin Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States of America

Thinh T. Le

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, School of Engineering, Storrs, CT, United States of America

Jinyoung Park

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, School of Engineering, Storrs, CT, United States of America

Thanh D. Nguyen

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

wlo@uchc.edu (KW-HL); nguyentd@uconn.edu (TDN)

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, School of Engineering, Storrs, CT, United States of America, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, School of Engineering, Storrs, CT, United States of America, Institute of Materials Science (IMS), University of Connecticut, School of Engineering, Storrs, CT, United States of America

Kevin W.-H. Lo

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

wlo@uchc.edu (KW-HL); nguyentd@uconn.edu (TDN)

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, School of Engineering, Storrs, CT, United States of America, The Cato T. Laurencin Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States of America, Institute of Materials Science (IMS), University of Connecticut, School of Engineering, Storrs, CT, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Connecticut Health Center, School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America

Competing Interests

Note that Dr. Thanh Nguyen has a conflict of interest with PiezoBioMembrane Inc. and SingleTimeMicroneedles Inc. Dr. Kevin Lo has served as an Associate Editor for PLoS ONE since 2019. We confirm that this does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.