About the Authors

Ying Fu

Contributed equally to this work with: Ying Fu, Juliana da Fonseca Rezende e Mello, Bryan D. Fleming, Alex Renn

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Juliana da Fonseca Rezende e Mello

Contributed equally to this work with: Ying Fu, Juliana da Fonseca Rezende e Mello, Bryan D. Fleming, Alex Renn

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America

Bryan D. Fleming

Contributed equally to this work with: Ying Fu, Juliana da Fonseca Rezende e Mello, Bryan D. Fleming, Alex Renn

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Alex Renn

Contributed equally to this work with: Ying Fu, Juliana da Fonseca Rezende e Mello, Bryan D. Fleming, Alex Renn

Roles Investigation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Catherine Z. Chen

Roles Investigation

Affiliation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Xin Hu

Roles Investigation

Affiliation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Miao Xu

Roles Investigation

Affiliation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Kirill Gorshkov

Roles Investigation

Affiliation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Quinlin Hanson

Roles Investigation

Affiliation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Wei Zheng

Roles Investigation

Affiliation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Emily M. Lee

Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation

Affiliation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Lalith Perera

Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation

Affiliation Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America

Robert Petrovich

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America

Manisha Pradhan

Roles Investigation

Affiliation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Richard T. Eastman

Roles Investigation

Affiliation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Zina Itkin

Roles Investigation

Affiliation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Thomas B. Stanley

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America

Allen Hsu

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America

Venkata Dandey

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America

Kedar Sharma

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America

William Gillette

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Troy Taylor

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Nitya Ramakrishnan

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Shelley Perkins

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Dominic Esposito

Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation

Affiliation Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Eunkeu Oh

Roles Investigation, Methodology

Affiliation Optical Sciences Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., United States of America

Kimihiro Susumu

Roles Methodology

Affiliations Optical Sciences Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., United States of America, Jacobs Corporation, Hanover, Maryland, United States of America

Mason Wolak

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Optical Sciences Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., United States of America

Marc Ferrer

Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision

Affiliation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Matthew D. Hall

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

hallma@mail.nih.gov (MDH); Mario.Borgnia2@nih.gov (MJB); asimeono@mail.nih.gov (AS)

Affiliation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Mario J. Borgnia

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

hallma@mail.nih.gov (MDH); Mario.Borgnia2@nih.gov (MJB); asimeono@mail.nih.gov (AS)

Affiliation Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America

Anton Simeonov

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

hallma@mail.nih.gov (MDH); Mario.Borgnia2@nih.gov (MJB); asimeono@mail.nih.gov (AS)

Affiliation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Competing Interests

Y.F., A.R., B.D.F., M.H., and A.S. are listed as inventors on pending patent applications (U.S. Patent Application No. 63/245,512) for the listed nanobodies and libraries in this work. The National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) holds patent rights to the nanobodies, and libraries described in this manuscript. The remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.