About the Authors

Lena M. Biehl

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, German Centre for Infection Research, Bonn-Cologne, Germany

Fedja Farowski

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, German Centre for Infection Research, Bonn-Cologne, Germany, Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

Catharina Hilpert

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

Angela Nowag

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Wisplinghoff laboratories, Cologne, Germany, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

Anne Kretzschmar

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Wisplinghoff laboratories, Cologne, Germany

Nathalie Jazmati

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Wisplinghoff laboratories, Cologne, Germany, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

Anastasia Tsakmaklis

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

Imke Wieters

Roles Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

Yascha Khodamoradi

Roles Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

Hilmar Wisplinghoff

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Wisplinghoff laboratories, Cologne, Germany, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, Institute for Virology and Medical Microbiology, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany

Maria J. G. T. Vehreschild

Roles Conceptualization, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

maria.vehreschild@kgu.de

Affiliations Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, German Centre for Infection Research, Bonn-Cologne, Germany, Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: LMB has received lecture honoraria from Astellas and Merck/MSD, and travel grants from 3M and Gilead. MJGTV reports grants and personal fees from 3M, Alb Fils Kliniken GmbH, Astellas Pharma, Basilea, bioMérieux, DaVolterra, Gilead Sciences, Ferring, Glycom, Heel, MaaT Pharma, Merck/MSD, Organobalance, Pfizer, Roche Pharma, Seres Therapeutics. YK has received lecture honoraria from Merck/MSD and Gilead, and travel grants from Gilead. All remaining authors have declared no conflicts of interest. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.