About the Authors

Nathanael Fillmore

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ NF, SB and CS are joint first authors. ND and CS are joint senior authors.

Affiliations Boston VA Cooperative Studies Program (CSP) Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Steven Bell

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ NF, SB and CS are joint first authors. ND and CS are joint senior authors.

Affiliation Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Ciyue Shen

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ NF, SB and CS are joint first authors. ND and CS are joint senior authors.

Affiliations Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Vinh Nguyen

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Boston VA Cooperative Studies Program (CSP) Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Jennifer La

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Boston VA Cooperative Studies Program (CSP) Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Maureen Dubreuil

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Section of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Rheumatology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Judith Strymish

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Infection Disease, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Mary Brophy

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Boston VA Cooperative Studies Program (CSP) Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Gautam Mehta

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom, Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, United Kingdom

Hao Wu

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Judy Lieberman

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Nhan Do

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Nhan.Do@va.gov (ND); sander.research@gmail.com (CS)

‡ NF, SB and CS are joint first authors. ND and CS are joint senior authors.

Affiliations Boston VA Cooperative Studies Program (CSP) Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Chris Sander

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Nhan.Do@va.gov (ND); sander.research@gmail.com (CS)

‡ NF, SB and CS are joint first authors. ND and CS are joint senior authors.

Affiliations Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.