About the Authors

Kangli Li

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Natasha Zhang Foutz

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

nfoutz@virginia.edu (NZF); song.gao@wisc.edu (SG)

Affiliation McIntire School of Commerce, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America

Yuxin Cai

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Geospatial Data Science Lab, Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Yunlei Liang

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Geospatial Data Science Lab, Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Song Gao

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

nfoutz@virginia.edu (NZF); song.gao@wisc.edu (SG)

Affiliation Geospatial Data Science Lab, Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.