About the Authors

Gregory D. Lyng

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation OptumLabs, UnitedHealth Group, Minnetonka, MN, United States of America

Natalie E. Sheils

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation OptumLabs, UnitedHealth Group, Minnetonka, MN, United States of America

Caleb J. Kennedy

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation OptumLabs, UnitedHealth Group, Minnetonka, MN, United States of America

Daniel O. Griffin

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America, ProHealth Care, Optum, Lake Success, NY, United States of America

Ethan M. Berke

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

ethan.berke@uhg.com

Affiliation OptumLabs, UnitedHealth Group, Minnetonka, MN, United States of America

Competing Interests

Authors [GL, NS, CK, DG, EB] are employees of UnitedHealth Group; GL, NS, CK, and EB own stock in the company. DG is employed as the Senior Infectious Disease Fellow at UnitedHealth Group, Inc and serves as the Chief of Infectious Diseases for ProHealth NY an Optum Company. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.