About the Authors

Eiko Saito

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Division of Cancer Statistics Integration, Center for Cancer Control and Information Services, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan, Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Xiaohe Tang

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Sarah Krull Abe

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Norie Sawada

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Junko Ishihara

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Food and Life Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan

Ribeka Takachi

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women’s University, Nara-shi, Nara, Japan

Hiroyasu Iso

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-shi, Osaka-fu, Japan

Taichi Shimazu

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Taiki Yamaji

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Motoki Iwasaki

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Manami Inoue

Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

mnminoue@ncc.go.jp

Affiliation Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Shoichiro Tsugane

Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

for the JPHC Study Group

Membership of the JPHC Study Group is provided in the Acknowledgments.

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.