About the Authors

Hanwen Liu

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing – original draft

lucasliu871@gmail.com

Affiliation School of Economics and Management, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China

Xiaobing Liu

Roles Conceptualization, Resources, Supervision, Validation

Affiliation School of Economics and Management, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China

Lin Lin

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Project administration

Affiliation CRRC Dalian R&D Co., Ltd., Dalian, Liaoning, China

Sardar M. N. Islam

Roles Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Institute for Sustainable Industries & Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia

Yuqing Xu

Roles Data curation, Software, Visualization

Affiliation School of Economics and Management, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China

Competing Interests

The CRRC Dalian R&D Co., Ltd. support in the form of salaries for author [Lin LIN], but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.