About the Authors

Ndyetabura O. Theonest

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania, Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Tanzania

Ryan W. Carter

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation The Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom

Nelson Amani

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Tanzania

Siân L. Doherty

Roles Investigation, Writing – original draft

Affiliation The Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom

Ephrasia Hugho

Roles Investigation, Methodology

Affiliation Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Tanzania

Julius D. Keyyu

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation

Affiliation Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania

Barbara K. Mable

Roles Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation The Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom

Gabriel M. Shirima

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation

Affiliation School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania

Rigobert Tarimo

Roles Investigation, Methodology

Affiliations School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania, Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Tanzania

Kate M. Thomas

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation

Affiliations Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Tanzania, Centre for International Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

Daniel T. Haydon

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation The Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom

Joram J. Buza

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation

Affiliation School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania

Kathryn J. Allan

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation The Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom

Jo E. B. Halliday

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Jo.Halliday@glasgow.ac.uk

Affiliation The Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.