About the Authors

Ylenia Ingrasciotta

Contributed equally to this work with: Ylenia Ingrasciotta, Janet Sultana

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ YI and JS are joint first authors on this work. FG, EM, AS, MT, DUT, GB, and GT also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy

Janet Sultana

Contributed equally to this work with: Ylenia Ingrasciotta, Janet Sultana

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ YI and JS are joint first authors on this work. FG, EM, AS, MT, DUT, GB, and GT also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy

Francesco Giorgianni

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ YI and JS are joint first authors on this work. FG, EM, AS, MT, DUT, GB, and GT also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Unit of Clinical Pharmacology A.O.U. ‘G. Martino’ Hospital’, Messina, Italy

Enrica Menditto

Roles Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ YI and JS are joint first authors on this work. FG, EM, AS, MT, DUT, GB, and GT also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation CIRFF, Center of Pharmacoeconomics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy

Angelo Scuteri

Roles Writing – review & editing

‡ YI and JS are joint first authors on this work. FG, EM, AS, MT, DUT, GB, and GT also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation HSR Pisana IRCCS, Rome, Italy

Michele Tari

Roles Data curation, Resources

‡ YI and JS are joint first authors on this work. FG, EM, AS, MT, DUT, GB, and GT also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Local Health Unit of Caserta, Caserta, Italy

Daniele Ugo Tari

Roles Data curation, Resources

‡ YI and JS are joint first authors on this work. FG, EM, AS, MT, DUT, GB, and GT also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Local Health Unit of Caserta, Caserta, Italy

Giorgio Basile

Roles Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ YI and JS are joint first authors on this work. FG, EM, AS, MT, DUT, GB, and GT also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy

Gianluca Trifiro’

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

trifirog@unime.it

‡ YI and JS are joint first authors on this work. FG, EM, AS, MT, DUT, GB, and GT also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy, Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

Competing Interests

YI, JS, FG, EM, AS, MT, DUT, GB and GT have no conflict of interest related to the study. GT has attended advisory boards on topics not related to this paper in the last 10 years, organized by Sandoz, Hospira, Sanofi, Biogen, Ibsen, Shire, and is consultant for Otsuka. He is the principal investigator of observational studies funded by several pharmaceutical companies (e.g. Amgen, AstraZeneca, Daiichi Sankyo, IBSA) to University of Messina as well as scientific coordinator of the Master program “Pharmacovigilance, pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacoeconomics: real-world data evaluations” at University of Messina which is partly funded by several pharmaceutical companies.