About the Authors

Tjibbe Donker

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft

tjibbe.donker@ndm.ox.ac.uk

Affiliations The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Colindale, London, United Kingdom

Timo Smieszek

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations National Infection Service, Public Health England, Colindale, London, United Kingdom, MRC Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Katherine L. Henderson

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation National Infection Service, Public Health England, Colindale, London, United Kingdom

Timothy M. Walker

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Russell Hope

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation National Infection Service, Public Health England, Colindale, London, United Kingdom

Alan P. Johnson

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliations The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Colindale, London, United Kingdom

Neil Woodford

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliations The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Colindale, London, United Kingdom

Derrick W. Crook

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliations The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Colindale, London, United Kingdom, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom

Tim E. A. Peto

Contributed equally to this work with: Tim E. A. Peto, A. Sarah Walker, Julie V. Robotham

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliations The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom

A. Sarah Walker

Contributed equally to this work with: Tim E. A. Peto, A. Sarah Walker, Julie V. Robotham

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom

Julie V. Robotham

Contributed equally to this work with: Tim E. A. Peto, A. Sarah Walker, Julie V. Robotham

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Colindale, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

I have read the journal's policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: All authors declare no support from any organisation for the submitted work; NW has received research grants from Wockhardt, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp, Roche, Meiji Seika, Enigma Diagnostics, Bio-Rad, Biomerieux, Accelerate, BD Diagnostics, Astrazeneca, Check points, GlaxoSmithKline, Kalidex, Malinta, Momentum, Norgine, Rempex, Rotikan, Smith&Nephew, Venato Rx Pharmaceuticals, and Basilea for research projects or contracted evaluations. There were no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.