About the Authors

Patricia M. Herman

Contributed equally to this work with: Patricia M. Herman, Anita H. Yuan, Matthew S. Cefalu, Karen Chu, Stephanie L. Taylor

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

pherman@rand.org

Affiliation RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California, United States of America

Anita H. Yuan

Contributed equally to this work with: Patricia M. Herman, Anita H. Yuan, Matthew S. Cefalu, Karen Chu, Stephanie L. Taylor

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation and Policy, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Matthew S. Cefalu

Contributed equally to this work with: Patricia M. Herman, Anita H. Yuan, Matthew S. Cefalu, Karen Chu, Stephanie L. Taylor

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California, United States of America

Karen Chu

Contributed equally to this work with: Patricia M. Herman, Anita H. Yuan, Matthew S. Cefalu, Karen Chu, Stephanie L. Taylor

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Software, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation and Policy, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Qing Zeng

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations Center for Health and Aging, VA Washington DC Healthcare System, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America, Biomedical Informatics Center, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America

Nell Marshall

Roles Conceptualization, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Center for the Study of Innovation to Implementation, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Menlo Park, California, United States of America

Karl A. Lorenz

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations Center for the Study of Innovation to Implementation, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Menlo Park, California, United States of America, Stanford Medical School, Palo Alto, California, United States of America

Stephanie L. Taylor

Contributed equally to this work with: Patricia M. Herman, Anita H. Yuan, Matthew S. Cefalu, Karen Chu, Stephanie L. Taylor

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation and Policy, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Department of Health Policy and Management, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.