About the Authors

Michael J. Case

Contributed equally to this work with: Michael J. Case, Kristina A. Stinson

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

mcase@u.washington.edu

Affiliations Case Research, LLC, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Kristina A. Stinson

Contributed equally to this work with: Michael J. Case, Kristina A. Stinson

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America, Harvard Forest, Harvard University, Petersham, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

MC and KS declare no competing interests associated with the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. MC’s commercial affiliation does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.