About the Authors

Phaik Ling Quah

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore

Ginanjar Syuhada

Roles Formal analysis, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore

Lisa R. Fries

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Nestle Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland

Mei Jun Chan

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore

Hui Xian Lim

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore

Jia Ying Toh

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore

Ray Sugianto

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

Izzuddin M. Aris

Roles Data curation

Affiliations Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore, Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore

Yung Seng Lee

Roles Data curation

Affiliations Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore, Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore

Fabian Yap

Roles Conceptualization

Affiliations Pediatric Endocrinology, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore

Keith M. Godfrey

Roles Conceptualization

Affiliation Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital, Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom

Peter D. Gluckman

Roles Conceptualization

Affiliations Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore, Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

Yap- Seng Chong

Roles Conceptualization

Affiliations Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore

Lynette P. Shek

Roles Conceptualization

Affiliations Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore, Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore

Kok Hian Tan

Roles Conceptualization

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

Ciaran G. Forde

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore

Mary F. F. Chong

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

mary_chong@nus.edu.sg

Affiliations Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore

Competing Interests

P.D.G., K.M.G., and Y.S.C. have received reimbursement for speaking at conferences sponsored by companies selling nutritional products. These authors are part of an academic consortium that has received research funding from commercial affiliations such as Abbott Nutrition, Nestec, and Danone. Lisa Fries is an employee of Nestec SA, working at the Nestlé Research Center. None of the other authors report any potential conflict of interest. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.