About the Authors

Sara Ibrahim Omar

Contributed equally to this work with: Sara Ibrahim Omar, Marco Gaetano Lepre

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Marco Gaetano Lepre

Contributed equally to this work with: Sara Ibrahim Omar, Marco Gaetano Lepre

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy

Umberto Morbiducci

Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy

Marco Agostino Deriu

Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy, Istituto Dalle Molle di studi sull’Intelligenza Artificiale (IDSIA), Scuola universitaria professionale della Svizzera italiana (SUPSI), Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Centro Galleria 2, Manno, Switzerland

Jack A. Tuszynski

Roles Conceptualization, Resources, Software, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

jackt@ualberta.ca

Affiliations Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.