About the Authors

M. Charles Liberman

Affiliations Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America, Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, United States of America, Harvard Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Boston, MA, United States of America

Michael J. Epstein

Affiliation Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America

Sandra S. Cleveland

Affiliation Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America

Haobing Wang

Affiliation Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, United States of America

Stéphane F. Maison

stephane_maison@meei.harvard.edu

Affiliations Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America, Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, United States of America, Harvard Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Boston, MA, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization: SFM MCL. Formal analysis: SFM. Funding acquisition: MCL. Investigation: SFM. Methodology: SFM MCL. Project administration: SFM SSC MJE. Resources: MJE SSC. Software: HW. Validation: SFM. Visualization: SFM MCL. Writing – original draft: SFM. Writing – review & editing: MCL.