About the Authors

Yanling Wang

Affiliations Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China, Key Laboratory on Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China, Key Laboratory for Visual Impairment and Restoration (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China

Wenyao Wang

Affiliations Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China, Key Laboratory on Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China, Key Laboratory for Visual Impairment and Restoration (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China

Jessica Liu

Affiliations Department of Neurobiology and Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Jules Stein Eye Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, UCLA College of Life Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America

Xin Huang

Affiliations Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China, Key Laboratory on Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China, Key Laboratory for Visual Impairment and Restoration (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China

Ruixing Liu

Affiliations Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China, Key Laboratory on Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China, Key Laboratory for Visual Impairment and Restoration (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China

Huika Xia

Affiliations Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China, Key Laboratory on Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China, Key Laboratory for Visual Impairment and Restoration (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China

Nicholas C. Brecha

Affiliations Department of Neurobiology and Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Jules Stein Eye Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, UCLA College of Life Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America

Mingliang Pu

Affiliations Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China, Key Laboratory on Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China, Key Laboratory for Visual Impairment and Restoration (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China

Jie Gao

gaojie@bjmu.edu.cn

Affiliations Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China, Key Laboratory on Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China, Key Laboratory for Visual Impairment and Restoration (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JG MP NCB. Performed the experiments: YW JL WW XH HX. Analyzed the data: YW RL XH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: NCB. Wrote the paper: JG MP NCB.