About the Authors

Xavier Lecomte

xlecomte@isa.ulisboa.pt

Affiliation Forest Research Center (CEF), School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

José M. Fedriani

Affiliations Centre for Applied Ecology (CEABN-InBio), School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, Estacion Biológica Doñana, CSIC, Seville, Spain

Maria C. Caldeira

Affiliation Forest Research Center (CEF), School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

Adelaide S. Clemente

Affiliation Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

Alessandro Olmi

Affiliations Centre for Applied Ecology (CEABN-InBio), School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, Faculty of Agronomical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

Miguel N. Bugalho

Affiliation Centre for Applied Ecology (CEABN-InBio), School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MNB. Performed the experiments: XL AO. Analyzed the data: JMF. Wrote the paper: XL JMF MCC MNB ASC.