About the Authors

Minako Kaido

fwiw1193@mb.infoweb.ne.jp

Affiliations Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan, Wada Eye Clinic, Houjyou, Tateyama-shi, Chiba, Japan

Ikuko Toda

Contributed equally to this work with: Ikuko Toda, Tomoo Oobayashi, Motoko Kawashima, Yusaku Katada, Kazuo Tsubota

Affiliation Minamiaoyama Eye Clinic, Kitaaoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Tomoo Oobayashi

Contributed equally to this work with: Ikuko Toda, Tomoo Oobayashi, Motoko Kawashima, Yusaku Katada, Kazuo Tsubota

Affiliation Minamiaoyama Eye Clinic, Kitaaoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Motoko Kawashima

Contributed equally to this work with: Ikuko Toda, Tomoo Oobayashi, Motoko Kawashima, Yusaku Katada, Kazuo Tsubota

Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Yusaku Katada

Contributed equally to this work with: Ikuko Toda, Tomoo Oobayashi, Motoko Kawashima, Yusaku Katada, Kazuo Tsubota

Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Kazuo Tsubota

Contributed equally to this work with: Ikuko Toda, Tomoo Oobayashi, Motoko Kawashima, Yusaku Katada, Kazuo Tsubota

Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Competing Interests

Drs. Kazuo Tsubota and Minako Kaido hold patent rights for the method and apparatus used for the measurement of functional visual acuity (US patent no: 7470026) and receive royalties for it from Kowa Co., Ltd. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. The other authors have no affiliation with any corporation.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: M. Kaido KT. Performed the experiments: M. Kaido IT YK. Analyzed the data: M. Kaido. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: M. Kaido TO IT M. Kawashima YK. Wrote the paper: M. Kaido KT.