About the Authors

Jamie Frankis

j.frankis@gcu.ac.uk

Affiliation School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Ingrid Young

Affiliation MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Paul Flowers

Affiliation School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Lisa McDaid

Affiliation MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JF IY PF LM. Performed the experiments: JF IY PF LM. Analyzed the data: JF PF IY. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JF IY. Wrote the paper: JF IY PF LM. Devised the paper: JF. Wrote the first draft: JF. Primary investigator of the SMMASH study: JF. Cleaned and prepared the quantitative data: JF. Conducted the quantitative analyses: JF. Designed the qualitative study: IY. Conducted and analysed the qualitative interviews: IY. Designed the SMMASH study: PF. Contributed to the design of the qualitative study: PF. Conducted the qualitative analysis: PF. Contributed to the design of the qualitative study: LM. Advised on the qualitative analysis: LM. Contributed to subsequent drafts: JF IY LM PF. Approved the final version of the manuscript: JF IY LM PF.