About the Authors

Yu-Wen Lin

Affiliation School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan

Hui-Chuan Huang

Affiliation School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan

Mei-Feng Lin

Affiliation Department of Nursing, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

Meei-Ling Shyu

Affiliation School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan

Po-Li Tsai

Affiliation Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

Hsiu-Ju Chang

hsiuju@tmu.edu.tw

Affiliation School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: YWL HJC. Performed the experiments: YWL HJC. Analyzed the data: YWL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MFL PLT. Wrote the paper: YWL HCH MFL MLS PLT HJC.