About the Authors

Gregory E. Miller

greg.miller@northwestern.edu

Affiliation Department of Psychology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America

Phillip A. Engen

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Patrick M. Gillevet

Affiliation Microbiome Analysis Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Science and Technology Campus, Manassas, VA, United States of America

Maliha Shaikh

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Masoumeh Sikaroodi

Affiliation Microbiome Analysis Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Science and Technology Campus, Manassas, VA, United States of America

Christopher B. Forsyth

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Ece Mutlu

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Ali Keshavarzian

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AK GEM. Performed the experiments: PAE M. Shaikh. Analyzed the data: GEM PG M. Sikaroodi. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: GEM AK EM PAE M. Shaikh PG M. Sikaroodi CBF. Wrote the paper: GEM AK EM PAE M. Shaikh PG M. Sikaroodi CBF. Supervised Laboratory Experiments: CBF.