About the Authors

Liangliang Gao

Affiliation University of Minnesota, Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, St. Paul, MN, 55108, United States of America

M. Kathryn Turner

Affiliation University of Minnesota, Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, St. Paul, MN, 55108, United States of America

Shiaoman Chao

Affiliation USDA-ARS Biosciences Research Lab, Fargo, ND, 58102, United States of America

James Kolmer

ander319@umn.edu (JAA); Jim.Kolmer@ars.usda.gov (JK)

Affiliations USDA-ARS Cereal Disease Laboratory, St. Paul, MN, 55108, United States of America, University of Minnesota, Department of Plant Pathology, St. Paul, MN, 55108, United States of America

James A. Anderson

ander319@umn.edu (JAA); Jim.Kolmer@ars.usda.gov (JK)

Affiliation University of Minnesota, Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, St. Paul, MN, 55108, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LG MKT JK JAA. Performed the experiments: LG MKT SC. Analyzed the data: LG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JK JAA. Wrote the paper: LG MKT.