About the Authors

Xiaodong She

Affiliations Georgetown University Medical Center, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Washington, DC, 20057, United States of America, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Jiangsu Key laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Disease and STIs, Nanjing, 210029, China

Richard Calderone

calderor@georgetown.edu

Affiliation Georgetown University Medical Center, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Washington, DC, 20057, United States of America

Michael Kruppa

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Diseases, and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, 37614, United States of America

Douglas Lowman

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Diseases, and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, 37614, United States of America

David Williams

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Diseases, and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, 37614, United States of America

Lili Zhang

Affiliation Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Jiangsu Key laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Disease and STIs, Nanjing, 210029, China

Ying Gao

Affiliation Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Jiangsu Key laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Disease and STIs, Nanjing, 210029, China

Kasra Khamooshi

Affiliation Georgetown University Medical Center, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Washington, DC, 20057, United States of America

Weida Liu

Affiliation Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Jiangsu Key laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Disease and STIs, Nanjing, 210029, China

Dongmei Li

Affiliation Georgetown University Medical Center, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Washington, DC, 20057, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: D. Lowman DW MK D. Li WL RC. Performed the experiments: LZ YG KK MK D. Lowman DW D. Li XS. Analyzed the data: XS RC MK D. Lowman DW WL D. Li. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: XS MK D. Lowman DW. Wrote the paper: RC MK D. Lowman DW D. Li.