About the Authors

Ryan Zahn

rzahn2@jhu.edu

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

Ashley Grosso

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

Andrew Scheibe

Affiliation Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, Cape Town, South Africa

Linda-Gail Bekker

Affiliation Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, Cape Town, South Africa

Sosthenes Ketende

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

Friedel Dausab

Affiliation The Rainbow Project, Windhoek, Namibia

Scholastica Iipinge

Affiliation School of Nursing and Public Health, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia

Chris Beyrer

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

Gift Trapance

Affiliation Center for the Development of People, Lilongwe, Malawi

Stefan Baral

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SB LGB CB. Performed the experiments: FD SI GT. Analyzed the data: RZ SK. Wrote the paper: RZ AG AS LGB EP EU SB.