About the Authors

Julie C. Ruel-Bergeron

Contributed equally to this work with: Julie C. Ruel-Bergeron, Jonathan D. Sugimoto, Franz F. Roos

jruelbe1@jhu.edu

Affiliation Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Gretchen A. Stevens

Affiliation Department of Health Statistics and Information Services, The World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

Jonathan D. Sugimoto

Contributed equally to this work with: Julie C. Ruel-Bergeron, Jonathan D. Sugimoto, Franz F. Roos

Affiliation Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Franz F. Roos

Contributed equally to this work with: Julie C. Ruel-Bergeron, Jonathan D. Sugimoto, Franz F. Roos

Affiliation DSM Nutritional Products, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland

Majid Ezzati

Affiliation Environmental and Global Health Research Group, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom

Robert E. Black

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Klaus Kraemer

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America, Sight and Life, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland

Competing Interests

FR is employed by DSM, a manufacturer of vitamins and minerals. KK is employed by Sight and Life, a humanitarian nutrition think tank of DSM, a manufacturer of vitamins and minerals. RB serves on the Boards of the Micronutrient Initiative, Vitamin Angels, and the Nestle Creating Shared Value Advisory Committee. GS is a staff member of the World Health Organization; the author alone is responsible for the views expressed in this publication and they do not necessarily represent the decisions or policies of the World Health Organization. All other authors declare that they do not have any conflicts of interest. The stated affiliations do not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: KK RB. Performed the experiments: JRB JS FR. Analyzed the data: JRB JS FR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JDS FR GS ME. Wrote the paper: JRB GS JS FR ME RB KK.