About the Authors

Sylvain Christin

Affiliation Chaire de recherche du Canada en biodiversité nordique and Center for Northern Studies, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada

Martin-Hugues St-Laurent

Affiliation Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Center for Northern Studies and Centre for Forest Research, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Canada

Dominique Berteaux

dominique_berteaux@uqar.ca

Affiliation Chaire de recherche du Canada en biodiversité nordique and Center for Northern Studies, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SC MHS DB. Performed the experiments: SC. Analyzed the data: SC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SC DB. Wrote the paper: SC MHS DB. Coordinated the funding of the project: MHS DB.