About the Authors

Bruce A. Perkins

Contributed equally to this work with: Bruce A. Perkins, David Z. I. Cherney, Nima Soleymanlou

bperkins@mtsinai.on.ca

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada

David Z. I. Cherney

Contributed equally to this work with: Bruce A. Perkins, David Z. I. Cherney, Nima Soleymanlou

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Nima Soleymanlou

Contributed equally to this work with: Bruce A. Perkins, David Z. I. Cherney, Nima Soleymanlou

Affiliation Boehringer Ingelheim Canada Ltd./Ltée, Burlington, ON, Canada

Justin A. Lee

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Helen Partridge

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Holly Tschirhart

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Bernard Zinman

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada

Roger Mazze

Affiliation WHO Collaborating Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

Nora Fagan

Affiliation Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut, United States of America

Stefan Kaspers

Affiliation Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co.KG, Ingelheim, Germany

Hans-Juergen Woerle

Affiliation Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co.KG, Ingelheim, Germany

Uli C. Broedl

Affiliation Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co.KG, Ingelheim, Germany

Odd Erik Johansen

Affiliation Boehringer Ingelheim Norway K.S, Asker, Norway

Competing Interests

BAP has received speaker honoraria from Medtronic Inc., Johnson and Johnson, Roche, GlaxoSmithKline Canada, Novo Nordisk and Sanofi; has received research grant support from Medtronic and Boehringer Ingelheim; and serves as a consultant for Neurometrix. DZC has received speaker honoraria from Merck, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, and research funding from Astellas Pharma and Boehringer Ingelheim. HP has received speaker honoraria from Janssen, Boehringer Ingelheim and AstraZeneca. BZ has received research support and or consulting honoraria from Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk, Merck and Sanofi. RM received research support from Boehringer Ingelheim and honoraria for speaking from Sanofi and Abbott Diabetes Care. None of the above awards or honoraria are directly associated with this specific study. JL and HT have no conflicts of interest to declare. NS, NF, SK, HJW, UCB and OEJ are employees of Boehringer Ingelheim. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BAP DC NS NF SK HJW UCB OEJ. Performed the experiments: BAP DC JL HP HT BZ RM. Analyzed the data: BAP DC JL HP HT BZ RM NS NF SK HJW UCB OEJ. Wrote the paper: BAP DC JL HP HT BZ RM NS NF SK HJW UCB OEJ.